Almudena Cathedral 阿穆德納聖母主教堂
Almudena Cathedral (Santa María la Real de La Almudena) is a Catholic church in Madrid, Spain. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madrid. The cathedral was consecrated by Pope John Paul II in 1993.
阿爾穆德納大教堂（SantaMaríalaReal de La Almudena）是西班牙馬德里的天主教堂。 它是馬德里羅馬天主教大主教管區的所在地。 大教堂於1993年由教皇約翰保羅二世奉獻。
Location:Madrid, Spain
Geographic coordinates:40.415586°N 3.714558°WCoordinates: 40.415586°N 3.714558°W
Affiliation:Roman Catholic Church
Rite Roman
Province:Archdiocese of Madrid
Year consecrated :June 15, 1993
Ecclesiastical or organizational status:Active
Status:Cathedral
Patron:Virgin of Almudena
Architectural description
Architect(s):Marquis of Cubas
Fernando Chueca
Architectural type:Church
Architectural style:Neoclassical, Neo-Gothic, Neo-Romanesque
Groundbreaking:April 4, 1883
Completed:June 15, 1993
Specifications
Length:102 m
Width (nave):12.5 m
Materials:Granite of Colmenar Viejo and marble from Novelda
地點：西班牙馬德里
地理坐標：40.415586°N 3.714558°W坐標：40.415586°N 3.714558°W
隸屬：羅馬天主教會
愛色麗羅馬
省：馬德里大主教管區
奉獻年份：1993年6月15日
教會或組織狀態：積極
狀態：大教堂
贊助人：阿爾穆德納的處女
建築描述
建築師：古巴侯爵
Fernando Chueca
建築類型：教堂
建築風格：新古典主義，新哥特式，新羅馬式
開創性：1883年4月4日
完成時間：1993年6月15日
產品規格
長度：102米
寬度（中殿）：12.5米
材料：Colmenar Viejo的花崗岩和Novelda的大理石
History
When the capital of Spain was transferred from Toledo to Madrid in 1561, the seat of the Church in Spain remained in Toledo and the new capital had no cathedral. Plans to build a cathedral in Madrid dedicated to the Virgin of Almudena were discussed as early as the 16th century but even though Spain built more than 40 cities in the new world during that century and plenty of cathedrals, the cost of expanding and keeping the Empire came first and the construction of Madrid’s cathedral was postponed. Making the cathedral the largest that the world had ever seen was then a priority, all other main Spanish cities had centuries old cathedrals, Madrid also has old churches but the construction of Almudena only began in 1879.
The cathedral seems to have been built on the site of a medieval mosque that was destroyed in 1083 when Alfonso VI reconquered Madrid.
Francisco de Cubas, the Marquis of Cubas, designed and directed the construction in a Gothic revival style. Construction ceased completely during the Spanish Civil War, and the project was abandoned until 1950, when Fernando Chueca Goitia adapted the plans of de Cubas to a baroque exterior to match the grey and white façade of the Palacio Real, which stands directly opposite. The cathedral was not completed until 1993, when it was consecrated by Pope John Paul II. On May 22, 2004, the marriage of King Felipe VI, then crown prince, to Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano took place at the cathedral.
The Neo-Gothic interior is uniquely modern, with chapels and statues of contemporary artists, in heretogeneous styles, from historical revivals to “pop-art” decor. The Blessed Sacrament Chapel features mosaic from known artist Fr. Marko Ivan Rupnik.
The Neo-Romanesque crypt houses a 16th-century image of the Virgen de la Almudena. Nearby along the Calle Mayor excavations have unearthed remains of Moorish and medieval city walls.
On April 28, 2004, Cardinal Antonio María Rouco Varela, Archbishop of Madrid, blessed the new paintings in the apse, painted by Kiko Arguello, founder of the Neocatechumenal Way.
歷史
當西班牙首都於1561年從托萊多轉移到馬德里時，西班牙教會的所在地仍然在托萊多，新首都沒有大教堂。早在16世紀就討論了在馬德里建造一座專門為阿爾穆德納維爾京建造大教堂的計劃，但即使西班牙在這個世紀建造了新世界的40多個城市以及大量的大教堂，擴大和保持帝國的成本排在第一位，馬德里大教堂的建設被推遲了。讓大教堂成為世界上最大的大教堂當時是一個優先事項，所有其他主要的西班牙城市都擁有數百年曆史的大教堂，馬德里也有古老的教堂，但阿爾穆德納的建築始於1879年。
大教堂似乎建於一座中世紀清真寺的遺址上，該清真寺於1083年在阿方索六世重新征服馬德里時被毀。
古巴侯爵弗朗西斯科·德古巴斯（Francisco de Cubas）以哥特式複興風格設計並指導建築。在西班牙內戰期間，建築完全停止，該項目被放棄到1950年，當時Fernando Chueca Goitia將de Cubas的計劃改編為巴洛克風格的外觀，以匹配Palacio Real的灰色和白色外觀，直接位於對面。大教堂直到1993年才被完成，當時它被教皇約翰保羅二世奉獻。 2004年5月22日，當時的王儲費利佩六世與Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano的婚禮在大教堂舉行。
新哥特式風格的內飾是獨特的現代風格，配有禮拜堂和當代藝術家的雕像，風格各異，從歷史復興到“流行藝術”裝飾。 Blessed Sacrament Chapel教堂擁有來自著名藝術家Fr.的馬賽克。 Marko Ivan Rupnik。
新羅馬式地窖擁有16世紀的Virgen de la Almudena形象。沿著Calle Mayor的發掘區附近出土了摩爾人和中世紀城牆遺址。
2004年4月28日，馬德里大主教安東尼奧·瑪麗亞·羅科·瓦雷拉紅衣主教祝賀新時期的新畫作，由新大門教會創始人Kiko Arguello繪製。
The Cathedral is 104 m long and 76 m wide. The central dome has a diameter of 20 m. The building is situated adjacent to the Royal Palace, in front of “Plaza de Armas” of the Palace, on the south side.
The bright interior of Almudena Cathedral is based in the Neo-Gothic style, that it is uniquely modern, with chapels and statues of contemporary artists, in heterogeneous styles, from historical revivals to “pop-art” decor.
Dome of the Almudena CathedralAttractions in this place:
The Neo-Romanesque Crypt, built in the 19th century, is the oldest section of the Cathedral and houses a 16th century image of the Almudena Virgin. Nearby along the Mayor Street excavations have unearthed remains of Moorish and medieval city walls.
The Almudena Cathedral has a Museum explaining the history of the church and the archdiocese of Madrid. You can visit the new mosaics that decorate the Cathedral Sacristy and Chapter Hall and then go through the clerestory and finish off enjoying a spectacular view over Madrid from its dome.
大教堂長104米，寬76米。中央圓頂的直徑為20米。該建築毗鄰皇宮，位於宮殿的“Plaza de Armas”前面，位於南側。
阿爾穆德納大教堂明亮的內部以新哥特式風格為基礎，具有獨特的現代風格，配有禮拜堂和當代藝術家的雕像，風格各異，從歷史復興到“流行藝術”裝飾。
阿爾穆德納大教堂的圓頂在這個地方的吸引力：
Neo-Romanesque地穴建於19世紀，是大教堂最古老的部分，擁有16世紀的Almudena Virgin形象。在市長街附近發掘出了摩爾人和中世紀城牆遺址。
阿爾穆德納大教堂有一個博物館，講解教堂和馬德里大主教管區的歷史。您可以參觀裝飾大教堂聖器收藏室和章節大廳的新馬賽克，然後穿過天窗，在圓頂上欣賞馬德里的壯麗景色。
FROM:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almudena_Cathedral
FROM:Almudena Cathedral & Panoramic Madrid
FROM:Travel Madrid, Spain – Almudena Cathedral in Madrid
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