Place des Victoires

The Place des Victoires is a circular place in Paris, located a short distance northeast from the Palais Royal and straddling the border between the 1st and the 2nd arrondissements. The Place des Victoires is at the confluence of six streets: Rue de la Feuillade, Rue Vide Gousset, Rue d’Aboukir, Rue Étienne Marcel, Rue Croix des Petits Champs, and Rue Catinat.

Desjardins_statue_Louis_XIV_pl_des_Victoires

History
At the center of the Place des Victoires is an equestrian monument in honor of King Louis XIV, celebrating the Treaties of Nijmegen concluded in 1678-79. A marshal of France, François de la Feuillade, vicomte d’Aubusson, on his own speculative initiative, demolished the old private mansions on the site. Feuillade’s project was soon taken over by the Bâtiments du Roi, a department attached to the king’s household, and the royal architect, Jules Hardouin Mansart, was entrusted with redesigning a grander complex of buildings, still in the form of a ring of private houses, to accommodate a majestic statue of the triumphant king.

Place des Victoires, Paris
“Vue de la Palace des Victoires a Paris.” Paris, Augsburg, London, etc., ca. 1770-1800. 9 7/8 x 15 3/4. Etching. Full original hand color. Very good condition.
Place des Victoires，巴黎
“Vue de la Palace des Victoires a Paris。”巴黎，奧格斯堡，倫敦等，約。1770-1800。 9 7/8 x 15 3/4。蝕刻。 全原始手工顏色。 條件非常好。

Mansart’s conception
Mansart’s design, of 1685, articulated the square’s unified façades according to a formula utilised in some Parisian hôtels particuliers, (palatial private homes). Mansart chose colossal pilasters linking two floors, standing on a high arcaded base with rustication of the pilasters; the façades were capped with sloping slate “mansard roofs”, punctuated by dormer windows. However, because the building work was incomplete at the time of the unveiling of the monument, the envisioned façades were painted on canvas. By 1692, the Place des Victoires was pierced by six streets, and the circular plan functioned as a flexible joint to harmonize their various axes.

Place des Victoires

維多利亞廣場（Place des Victoires）是巴黎的一個圓形場所，位於皇宮（Palais Royal）東北方向的一小段距離內，橫跨第一和第二區之間的邊界。 Place des Victoires廣場位於六條街道的交匯處：Rue de la Feuillade，Rue Vide Gousset，Rue d’Aboukir，RueÉtienneMarcel，Rue Croix des Petits Champs和Rue Catinat。

歷史
維多利亞廣場（Place des Victoires）的中心是一座紀念國王路易十四的馬術紀念碑，慶祝奈梅亨條約於1678年至1979年結束。法國元帥弗朗索瓦·德拉·費拉德（Françoisdela Feuillade），奧博森（Vicomte d’Aubusson）根據自己的投機行動，摧毀了該地區舊的私人住宅。 Feuillade的項目很快就被國王家庭所在的BâtimentsduRoi接管，皇家建築師Jules Hardouin Mansart被委託重新設計一座宏偉的建築群，仍然是私人住宅的形式，容納勝利國王的雄偉雕像。

Mansart的構想
Mansart的設計於1685年根據一些巴黎人的特殊場所（富麗堂皇的私人住宅）使用的公式表達了廣場的統一立面。 Mansart選擇了連接兩層樓的巨型壁柱，站在高高的拱形基座上，壁柱的鏽蝕;外立面上有傾斜的石板“斜屋頂”，屋頂窗戶點綴著。然而，由於在紀念碑揭幕時建築工作不完整，所設想的立面被畫在畫布上。到了1692年，Place des Victoires被六條街道穿過，圓形計劃起到了一個靈活的關節，以協調各自的軸線。

View of the Place des Victoires with statue of Louis XIV.
地方des Victoires的看法與路易十四雕像。

The Desjardins sculpture
The original statue, of Louis XIV crowned by Fame and trampling the Triple Alliance underfoot, in gilt bronze, stood on a high square pedestal with bas-relief panels and effusively flattering inscriptions; dejected bronze figures were seated at the corners. The sculptor was Martin Desjardins,  part of the team that was working cooperatively at the Château of Versailles and its gardens.

Desjardins雕塑
路易十四的原始雕像，由名人加冕，踐踏三足聯盟的腳下，鍍金青銅，站在一個高方形的基座上，上面有浮雕板和令人愉悅的銘文; 沮喪的青銅人物坐在角落裡。 雕塑家是Martin Desjardins，團隊的一員，在凡爾賽宮及其花園合作。

Louis XIV’s reversals
Louis permanently abandoned Paris in 1682, and his imperial ambitions in Europe were deflated by subsequent wars; the Treaty of Ryswick of 1697 was termed “a humiliating disaster for the king” by the military architect Vauban. “During the course of the eighteenth century,” Rochelle Ziskin has noted, “critics would suggest that the arrogance of representation at the Place des Victoires had serious political consequences and may have been a factor in provoking war.” The grandiose memorial that had begun to embarrass Louis XIV himself would eventually be destroyed in 1792, during the French Revolution.
路易十四的逆轉
路易斯於1682年永久地放棄了巴黎，他在歐洲的帝國野心因隨後的戰爭而縮小; 1697年的里斯威克條約被軍事建築師沃邦稱為“國王的恥辱災難”。 “在十八世紀期間，”羅謝爾·齊斯金（Rochelle Ziskin）指出，“批評人士認為，在維多利亞廣場（Place des Victoires）的代表權的傲慢具有嚴重的政治後果，可能是引發戰爭的一個因素。” 開始讓路易十四自己難堪的宏偉紀念碑最終將在1792年法國大革命期間被摧毀。

Modern times
In 1793, the Place was renamed Place des Victoires-Nationaux (National Victories Square), and a wooden pyramid was erected on the site of the destroyed statue. In 1810, under the rule of Napoléon I, a nude statue of the General Louis Desaix replaced the pyramid. However, following the abdication of Napoléon, the statue was taken down and its metal was used to create a new statue of Henry IV on the nearby Pont Neuf.

In 1828, the restored Bourbon king, Charles X, commissioned the current equestrian statue, which was sculpted by François Joseph Bosio in imitation of the famous Bronze Horseman. Louis XIV, dressed as a Roman emperor, sits on a proud horse rearing on its hind legs. An iron fence encircles the twelve-meter-high statue.
現代
1793年，廣場改名為Place des Victoires-Nationaux（全國勝利廣場），並在被毀的雕像遺址上豎立了一座木製金字塔。 1810年，在拿破崙一世的統治下，路易斯·德薩克斯將軍的裸體雕像取代了金字塔。 然而，在拿破崙退位後，雕像被拆除，其金屬被用來在附近的新橋上建造一座新的亨利四世雕像。

1828年，經過修復的波旁國王查理十世委託當前的馬術雕像，由弗朗索瓦·約瑟夫·博西奧（FrançoisJosephBosio）雕刻而成，模仿著名的青銅騎士。 路易十四，身著羅馬皇帝，坐在一條驕傲的馬後腿上。 鐵柵欄環繞著十二米高的雕像。

Roman Equestrian Statue of Louis XIV in the center of the Place des Victoires.
路易十四的羅馬騎馬雕像在Place des Victoires的中心。

The square today
The area surrounding the Place des Victoires is now an upmarket neighborhood. Fashion designers Kenzo and Cacharel have boutiques there as have the ready-to-wear chains Maje, and Zadig et Voltaire. The German Forum for Art History (Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte) is on the Place and the French Institut national d’histoire de l’art is in nearby Galerie Colbert.

Metro station
The Place des Victoires is:
Located near the Métro stations: Bourse, Pyramides and Étienne Marcel.

Bosio’s Louis XIV / 博西奧的路易十四

今天的廣場
Place des Victoires周邊地區現在是一個高檔社區。 時裝設計師Kenzo和Cacharel在那裡有精品店，還有成衣連鎖店Maje和Zadig et Voltaire。 德國藝術史論壇（DeutschesForumfürKunstgeschichte）位於地方，法國國家藝術研究所位於附近的Galerie Colbert。

地鐵站
Place des Victoires是：
位於地鐵站附近：Bourse，Pyramides和ÉtienneMarcel。

Paris France Place des Victoires

From: Сергей Пантелеев

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