A new runway for London’s Heathrow airport designed by architecture firm Grimshaw could go ahead after a ruling against it was overturned by the UK’s top court.

The third runway at Heathrow was blocked in a landmark case earlier this year, when the court of appeal agreed that expanding the airport would jeopardise the country’s commitment to the Paris Agreement to limit global warming.

由建築公司格里姆肖(Grimshaw)設計的倫敦希思羅機場新跑道可以在英國最高法院推翻對它的裁決後繼續進行。

希思羅機場的第三條跑道在今年早些時候的一個具有里程碑意義的案件中被封鎖,當時上訴法院同意擴大機場規模將危及該國對限制《巴黎協定》限制全球變暖的承諾。

Supreme court overturns ruling|最高法院推翻裁決

However on 16 December 2020, the supreme court overturned the decision, allowing Grimshaw’s £14 billion expansion to proceed.

“International treaties are binding only as a matter of international law and do not have an effect in domestic law,” ruled the judges.

然而,在2020年12月16日,最高法院推翻了該決定,允許格里姆肖繼續進行140億英鎊的擴張。

法官裁定:“國際條約僅具有國際法約束力,對國內法沒有影響。”

“We welcome the supreme court’s decision, and hope that it helps to give confidence to UK airports to build towards a more sustainable future,” said Grimshaw partner Jolyon Brewis.

“This will also require the government to reaffirm its Airports National Policy Statement (ANPS) to help our aviation sector plan for the future of air travel to link British people and goods to the rest of the world,” he added.

“Grimshaw is ready to help design this future when required.”

The architecture firm has plans to build a “world-class sustainable airport”, featuring a glass terminal building filled with trees.

格里姆肖合夥人喬利昂·布魯尼斯(Jolyon Brewis)說:“我們歡迎最高法院的裁決,並希望它有助於增強英國機場的信心,以邁向更可持續的未來。”

他補充說:“這也將要求政府重申其《機場國家政策聲明》(ANPS),以幫助我們的航空部門製定未來的航空旅行計劃,以將英國人民和貨物與世界其他地區聯繫起來。”

“ Grimshaw準備在需要時幫助設計這個未來。”

這家建築公司計劃建造一個“世界級的可持續發展機場”,其特色是玻璃終端大樓內種滿了樹木。

Coronavirus delays third runway|冠狀病毒延誤了第三條跑道

Heathrow, the world’s second-busiest airport before the coronavirus pandemic, has already acknowledged that it won’t need a new runway for 10 to 15 years after international travel nosedived.

A third runway for Heathrow was approved by parliament in 2018.

Activist groups including Plan B Earth, Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth challenged the government, arguing that expanding Heathrow would be unlawful because it would contradict the UK’s commitment to an international treaty for limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius.

It was the first time an infrastructure project had been blocked for contravening the Paris Agreement.

希思羅機場是冠狀病毒大流行之前全球第二繁忙的機場,已經承認,在國際旅行急劇減少後的10至15年內,它不需要一條新跑道。

希思羅機場的第三條跑道於2018年獲得議會批准。

包括“計劃B地球”,“綠色和平組織”和“地球之友”在內的激進組織向政府提出挑戰,認為擴大希思羅機場將是非法的,因為這將違背英國對限制全球變暖至1.5攝氏度的國際條約的承諾。

這是首次因違反《巴黎協定》而阻止基礎設施項目。

Environmentalists launch new case against government|環保主義者對政府發起新案

But the supreme court disagreed with Plan B’s interpretation of the Planning Act 2008, under which the ANPS falls, which states in section 5(8) that new projects must take existing government policy into account.

“The court rejects Plan B Earth’s argument that the reasons in the ANPS needed to refer to the Paris Agreement Targets in order to comply with section 5(8),” said the judges.

“Formal ratification of the Paris Agreement do[es] not mean that the government’s commitment to the Paris Agreement constitutes ‘government policy’ in the sense in which that term is used in the statute.”

Lawyers and environmentalists have now launched a separate case against the UK government in regards to the Heathrow expansion.

Members of the Good Law Project are arguing that since the ANPS was published the government has made two legally binding climate change promises for Britain: to be net-zero by 2050 and cut carbon emissions by 68 per cent in time for 2030.

Airports have been at the centre of debate in the UK architecture industry after first Foster and Partners then Zaha Hadid Architects withdrew from climate change network Architects Declare over the firms’ decisions to keep designing international airports.

但是最高法院不同意B計劃對《 2008年計劃法》的解釋,ANPS屬於該計劃,在第5(8)節中指出,新項目必須考慮現有的政府政策。

法官說:“法院駁回了地球計劃B的論點,即ANPS中的理由必須參考《巴黎協定目標》,以符合第5(8)條的規定。”

“正式批准《巴黎協定》並不意味著政府對《巴黎協定》的承諾就構成該法在該意義上的“政府政策”。”

律師和環保主義者現在就希斯羅機場的擴建向英國政府發起了另一起訴訟。

良好法律項目的成員爭辯說,自從ANPS發布以來,政府已為英國做出了兩項具有法律約束力的氣候變化承諾:到2050年實現淨零排放,到2030年及時減少碳排放68%。

在Foster和Partners之後,扎哈·哈迪德(Zaha Hadid)建築師退出了氣候變化網絡之後,機場一直是英國建築業爭論的焦點。建築師對公司繼續設計國際機場的決定進行聲明。

FROM:https://www.dezeen.com/2020/12/22/climate-change-grimshaw-heathrow-third-runway-news/

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