More than 20 different plant species grow in Forest House, designed by landscape architecture practice Shma Company to fit the largest possible amount of greenery into a small urban plot.
Over a space of just 300 square metres, including the roof, the family home in the Thai capital of Bangkok accommodates seven people and 120 trees.
由景觀設計公司Shma Company設計的Forest House中有20多種不同的植物物種，可將盡可能多的綠色植物放入一個小型城市地塊中。
這套家庭住宅位於包括屋頂在內的僅300平方米的空間內，可容納7人和120棵樹木。
To achieve this, the house is segmented into three, blindingly-white volumes that are lined up like dominoes to make space for two courtyards in between and multiple green roofs on top.
“The architectural layout of the house is designed to maximise natural ventilation and sunlight,” explained Shma Company’s director Prapan Napawongdee.
“And the interplay between solids and voids, which is present throughout the three storeys, brings the greenery close to every room in the house.”
為了實現這一目標，房子被分成三部分，白色的體積令人眼花blind亂，像多米諾骨牌一樣排列，以為中間的兩個庭院和頂部的多個綠色屋頂騰出空間。
Shma Company的董事Prapan Napawongdee解釋說：“房屋的建築佈局旨在最大限度地利用自然通風和陽光。”
“而且，固體和空隙之間的相互作用貫穿三層樓，使綠色植物靠近了房子的每個房間。”
Rather than choosing plants simply for their aesthetic appeal, Shma Company drew on its expertise in landscape design to create a miniature, biodiverse ecosystem that can provide a sanctuary for local wildlife.
This includes not just flowering trees but also evergreens, that will envelop the house in a verdant canopy all year round.
The roof, which receives the most direct sunlight, is outfitted with tall planters for growing Thai fruits, vegetables and herbs such as lemongrass and jackfruit, to provide food security for the family.
Shma Company不僅只是出於美學吸引力而選擇植物，還利用其在景觀設計方面的專業知識來創建一個微型的生物多樣性生態系統，可以為當地的野生動植物提供庇護所。
這不僅包括開花的樹木，還包括常綠的植物，它們將使房子終年籠罩在翠綠的樹冠中。
屋頂接受最直接的陽光照射，並配有高大的花槽，用於種植泰國水果，蔬菜和草藥（例如檸檬草和菠蘿蜜），為家庭提供食品安全。
“Selecting a variety of tree species can mimic the conditions of a forest in nature,” said Napawongdee.
“Different trees will extract different nutrients from the soil. And their fallen leaves, which act as a natural fertiliser will, in turn, return a full spectrum of nutrients back to the soil.
“By having a great number of the trees planted side by side, the water that evaporates from each tree will maintain an optimum level of humidity within the ecosystem even during the dry season,” he continued.
Napawongdee說：“選擇各種樹木可以模仿自然森林的狀況。”
“不同的樹木將從土壤中提取不同的養分。而它們的落葉作為天然肥料，反過來又將全範圍的養分返回土壤。
他繼續說：“由於大量樹木並排種植，從每棵樹木中蒸發出來的水即使在乾旱季節也將在生態系統內保持最佳濕度。”
This self-fertilising ecosystem is maintained via a drip irrigation system – a network of perforated tubes integrated into the top layer of soil that drip feeds the roots directly and requires less water than a splatter gun approach such as sprinklers.
Rather than using fully-grown trees, Napawongdee selected trees that were only one to two years old, as their young roots would allow them to adapt to the limited soil conditions.
In this way, he hopes to foster a resilient ecosystem for the long term, rather than creating a luscious canopy right away that might not last very long.
這種自肥的生態系統通過滴灌系統維護-滴灌管網絡集成到土壤的頂層，滴灌直接為根系提供營養，並且比噴灑器等噴槍方法所需的水更少。
Napawongdee不會使用成熟的樹木，而是選擇只有一到兩年的樹木，因為它們的幼根可以使它們適應有限的土壤條件。
他希望以此方式從長遠來看建立一個有彈性的生態系統，而不是立即創建一個可能不會持續很長時間的甜美的樹冠。
White steel louvres cover the street-facing side of the house to create privacy while allowing the owners to keep windows and glass partitions open at night and reduce the need for air-conditioning.
Behind these barriers, narrow balcony spaces fringe the house, which Napawongdee says are essential given the house’s tropical setting.
白鋼百葉窗遮蓋了房屋的臨街一側，以營造私密性，同時使房主在夜間保持窗戶和玻璃隔板的打開狀態，並減少了對空調的需求。
在這些障礙的後面，狹窄的陽台空間在房屋的邊緣，Napawongdee說，鑑於房屋的熱帶環境，這是必不可少的。
“It’s important to have an overhanging roof to reduce the chance of rain getting into the room during monsoon season,” explained Napawongdee.
“In each room, the balcony fulfils a different function depending on the owner. In the master bedroom, for example, it is filled with a variety of potted plants, which thrive really well in this microclimate.”
Napawongdee解釋說：“重要的是要有一個懸垂的屋頂，以減少季風季節雨水進入房間的機會。”
“在每個房間中，陽台根據所有者的不同而發揮不同的功能。例如，在主臥室中，陽台上種滿了各種盆栽，在這種微氣候下，它們的生長非常好。”
Napawongdee believes that plant-covered buildings can help to mitigate many of the effects of climate change, which Bangkok is already experiencing.
This includes not just flooding and rising temperatures but also the third-worst air quality of any city in the world.
Napawongdee認為，植物覆蓋的建築物可以幫助減輕曼谷已經在經歷的氣候變化的許多影響。
這不僅包括洪水和氣溫上升，還包括世界上任何城市的第三差的空氣質量。
“Greenery can help produce oxygen, absorb carbon dioxide, trap pollution, slow down and purify rainwater, provide a place for respite and even produce food,” said Napawongdee.
“Although people generally agree on these benefits, many wouldn’t want to integrate it into their house because they fear the long term maintenance. So our experiment with this house was to find a sustainable way to integrate greenery throughout multiple levels while creating a simple way of caring for it.”
Napawongdee說：“綠色植物可以幫助產生氧氣，吸收二氧化碳，捕獲污染，減緩和淨化雨水，提供喘息的機會，甚至可以提供食物。”
“儘管人們普遍認同這些好處，但許多人不想擔心將其整合到他們的房屋中，因為他們擔心長期維護。因此，我們對這所房屋進行的實驗是找到一種可持續的方式來在多個層次上整合綠色植物，同時創造一個簡單的方法。 照料的方式。”
According to Napawongdee, Forest House alone creates enough oxygen in a day to supply 240 people. Adopted at scale, this type of architecture could help to keep our cities habitable in the future.
“If we could live in a city where nature thrives alongside urban developments, it would be a good place to live. Greenery can improve our wellbeing in many ways and also protect our planet’s biodiversity and other species in the long run,” he said.
根據Napawongdee所說，僅森林之家一天就產生足夠的氧氣，足以供應240人。 大規模採用這種類型的建築可以幫助使我們的城市在未來變得宜居。
他說：“如果我們能夠生活在一個自然環境與城市發展息息相關的城市中，那將是一個好地方。綠色植物可以從許多方面改善我們的生活，從長遠來看還可以保護地球的生物多樣性和其他物種。”
Forest House has been shortlisted in the urban house category of this year’s Dezeen Awards.
Several other projects nominated in the category focus on bringing nature close to city dwellers, including Thang House and Sky House in Vietnam, as well as Daita2019 in Tokyo, which is connected to its garden through permanent scaffolding.
Photography is courtesy of Jinnawat Borihankijanan unless otherwise stated.
森林之家已入圍今年Dezeen大獎的城市房屋類別。
在該類別中提名的其他幾個項目著重於使大自然接近城市居民，包括越南的Thang House和Sky House，以及東京的Daita2019，後者通過永久性腳手架與其花園相連。
除非另有說明，否則攝影由Jinnawat Borihankijanan提供。
FROM:https://www.dezeen.com/2020/09/29/shma-company-forest-house-bangkok-architecture/
