Château de Montrésor 蒙特羅莎城堡

Montrésor Castle is located in the south-east of the department of Indre-et-Loire (37), France, about fifteen kilometers east of the town of Loches on the territory of the municipality of Montrésor.

A rocky spur has successively hosted a donjon attributed to Foulques Nerra and integrated into the defensive system of the Counts of Anjou in Touraine, a medieval fortress built by John IV of Bueil, Grand Master crossbowmen of France, then a Renaissance home built by Imbert de Batarnay, influential personage with four kings of France. After the revolutionary period during which the castle, poorly maintained, passed into the hands of several successive owners, Count Xavier Branicki, Polish émigré, patron and mayor of Montrésor from 1860 to 1870, bought the estate in 1849, repairs some parts of the castle, rebuilding others; he furnishes the main dwelling in Second Empire style and decorates it with many works of art. His family, still the owner, lives in a part of a castle almost totally open to the public.

The village itself, first built at the foot of the castle, did not really develop until the Middle Ages; in the twenty-first century, it turned to a tourist activity whose castle is one of the main assets.

蒙特莎城堡位於安德爾 – 盧瓦爾省的部門(37)的東南,法國,東洛什的蒙特莎的市轄區鎮大約15公里。

先後主持的岩石地牢歸因於富爾克Nerra並集成到安茹,海納,由Jean IV代比埃建立了一個中世紀城堡的計數的防守體系,法國的椽的大法師,那麼文藝復興住房應建英伯特Batarnay,有四位法國國王的有影響力的人物。在城堡,維護不善,是通過連續的業主手中傳遞革命時期後,計數澤維爾的Branicki,波蘭流亡,1860年蒙特莎的慈善家,市長到1870年,在1849年買了房地產,修復了一些城堡的一部分,重建他人;他為第二帝國風格的主要住宅提供裝飾,並用許多藝術品裝飾它。他的家人,仍然是主人,住在幾乎完全向公眾開放的城堡的一部分。

這座村莊最初建在城堡腳下,直到中世紀才開始發展;在二十一世紀,它轉向了一個旅遊活動,其城堡是主要資產之一。

Period or style: Medieval / Renaissance
Type: Fortress then Logis
Architect: Roger the Little Devil
Beginning of construction: eleventh century
Late construction: sixteenth century
Initial owner: Foulques Nerra
Initial destination: home
Current owner: family Rey
Current destination: tourism / logis
Protection: Historic Monument Logo Classified MH (1996)
Coordinates: 47 ° 09 ’21 “north, 1 ° 12′ 05″ est2
Country: Flag of France France
Former Provinces of France: Touraine
Region: Center-Val de Loire
Department Indre-et-Loire
City: Montresor

時期或風格:中世紀/文藝復興
鍵入:Fortress然後Logis
建築師:小惡魔羅傑
建設開始:十一世紀
後期建設:十六世紀
最初的擁有者:Foulques Nerra
初始目的地:回家
現任主人:家庭Rey
當前目的地:旅遊/物流
保護:歷史紀念碑標誌分類MH(1996)
坐標:北緯47°09”,東經1°12’est2
國家:法國國旗法國
前法國省:Touraine
地區:Centre-Val de Loire
部安德爾 – 盧瓦爾省
城市:蒙特莎



Location
Montrésor Castle, built on a rocky spur, on the hillside overlooking the concavity of a meander of Indrois, on its right bank, saw houses built at its feet from the Middle Ages and constitute little little by little the town of Montrésor, 17 km east of Loches.

With 98 hectares, Montrésor is in 2015 the smallest commune in the department of Indre-et-Loire.

Established on a terrace at an altitude of 106 m, the site of the castle dominates the Indrois valley by a distance of about fifteen meters to the south. To the north and east, the plateau was dug about 10 m to practice a defensive dry ditch. To the west, the natural point of the spur completes the defended perimeter.

位置
Montrésor城堡建在岩石上,位於山坡上,俯瞰著Indrois蜿蜒的凹面,在其右岸,看到了從中世紀建起來的房屋,構成了一點點 一點一點的Montrésor鎮,位於Loches以東17公里處。

Montrésor佔地98公頃,是2015年Indre-et-Loire省最小的公社。

這座城堡位於海拔106米的露台上,位於Indrois山谷的南部,距離南部約15米。 在北部和東部,高原挖了大約10米,以練習防禦性乾溝。 在西部,支線的自然點完成了防守周邊。

Architecture
The primitive dungeon, the gatehouse and the enclosure
Well before the enclosure since its construction dates from the very beginning of the eleventh century, the dungeon Foulques Nerra was a polygonal building of about 11 × 7 m whose south face was abutted by a tower of smaller dimensions (6 × 4 m). All that remains, west of the site and dominating the tip of the spur, is a section of the west wall of the keep, about 4 m long and 5 m high, with a medium irregular device. remodeled since its construction.

The unique access to the site, in the extreme east, is through the old dungeon dungeon built in the twelfth century and reworked at the end of the fourteenth century. This now disemboweled building consists of two circular towers connected by a wall facing south towards the foot of the hill and the valley of the Indrois. Mullion windows are pierced in this wall and let guess two floors above the entry level. The west face, in which is pierced the entrance door provided with a bow-point, is flanked, north, of a square tower; a modern lodge (nineteenth century) adjoins this tower, on the courtyard side. The face is gone.

View of a wall crowned by a succession of battlements and merlons.
The crenels of the enclosure.
To the east of this access device, a drawbridge, replaced by a wooden bridge over the moat now filled, commanded the whole and another drawbridge rebuilt in stone under the name of Bouvet Bridge. completed the defenses about 60 m east.

The double chamber is well preserved on almost all of its perimeter. The interior enclosure of the twelfth century which enclosed the whole site still bears the corbelled arches that supported the walkway and, in places, the succession of crenellations and merlons. The fourteenth century enclosure is built outside the previous one and reinforces the defense of the north and east sides, the most vulnerable; lower than the previous one, it presents, on the north side, three towers on the platform of which bombards could be installed. While the twelfth-century precinct rested on the walls of Foulques Nerra’s dungeon to the west, that of the fourteenth century circumvents it from the outside.

架構
原始地牢,門樓和圍場
由於從11世紀初其建設日期腔室之前很好,地牢Nerra富爾克是大約11×7米包括南面孔是由較小尺寸的塔挾著(6×多邊形建築4米)。剩下的一切,在場地的西邊,主宰著支柱的尖端,是保持器西牆的一部分,長約4米,高5米,中等不規則裝置。自建成以來改造。

在極端東部,獨特的通道是通過建於12世紀的舊地牢,並在十四世紀末重新設計。這座現已拆除的建築由兩座圓形塔樓組成,這座塔樓由一面向南朝向山腳和Indrois山谷的牆壁連接而成。在這堵牆上穿過了豎框窗戶,讓我們在入口水平面上猜兩層樓。西面是一個方形塔的兩側,北面是一個帶有弓點的入口門。一個現代化的小屋(十九世紀)毗鄰這座塔樓,位於庭院一側。臉色消失了。

牆壁的看法由一連串的城垛和merlons加冠了。
外殼的垛口。
在這個通道裝置的東邊,一座吊橋,由現在填充的護城河上的木橋代替,指揮整個和另一座吊橋,以Bouvet橋的名義重建。完成了東部約60米的防禦。

雙室幾乎在其整個周邊都保存完好。封閉整個場地的十二世紀的內部圍牆仍然帶有支撐走道的拱形拱門,並且在某些地方還有連枷和隕石的連續。十四世紀的圍牆建造在前一個圍牆之外,加強了最脆弱的北部和東部的防禦;低於前一個,它在北側呈現平台上的三個塔,可以安裝轟炸機。雖然十二世紀的區域位於Foulques Nerra的西部地牢的牆壁上,但十四世紀的區域卻從外面繞過它。

The main house
The seigniorial dwelling of the sixteenth century is composed of a rectangular building flanked at each corner of its south facade with a conical turret; the north facade is adorned, instead of turrets, two cantilevered turrets placed on culs-de-lampe; the four turrets are covered with a conical roof. With two floors, the second attic, the building has, north and south, five sets of windows and five skylights lighting the attic. Niches in the re-entrant corners of the walls house statues. If the western part dates from the seventh century, the part is, in ruins at the beginning of the nineteenth century, was rebuilt before the middle of the century without breaking the architectural style, then the whole was redeveloped after the redemption of the castle by Xavier Branicki.

The south wall of the enclosure, partially reused in the construction of the facade of the castle, is of such a thickness that a spiral staircase is provided. In solid mahogany from Cuba and gilded bronze, Xavier bought it in Paris during the 1855 World’s Fair, and had it placed in the wall. It has the particularity to rest only on the first and the last step, with only three steel bars on the sides to maintain it. Another staircase, in the north facade, is built inside a turret partially built in the thickness of the wall of the castle. The coat of arms adorning the tympanum above his door was hammered.

主屋
十六世紀的主要住宅由一個矩形建築組成,其兩側的立面兩側有一個圓錐形砲塔;北立面是裝飾的,而不是砲塔,兩個懸臂式砲塔放在culs-de-lampe上;四個砲塔上覆蓋著一個圓錐形屋頂。該建築有兩層,第二個閣樓,北面和南面,五個窗戶和五個天窗照亮了閣樓。在牆壁的重入角落裡的壁龕裡有雕像。如果西部可以追溯到公元七世紀,那部分在19世紀初的廢墟中,在不破壞建​​築風格的情況下於本世紀中葉重建,然後在城堡的贖回之後重建了整體。作者:Xavier Branicki。

圍牆的南牆部分地重複用於建造城堡的立面,其厚度足以提供螺旋樓梯。來自古巴的實心桃花心木和鍍金青銅,澤維爾在1855年世界博覽會期間在巴黎購買了它,並將它放在牆上。它的特殊之處僅在於第一步和最後一步,兩側只有三根鋼筋來保持它。北立面的另一個樓梯建在一個部分建在城堡牆壁厚度的砲塔內。裝飾在他門上方的鼓室的紋章被敲了敲。

The commons
View of the facade of a building with external stair tower and attic on part of the attic.
The common (south facade).
The outbuildings of the castle are built against the northern part of the enclosure. The eastern part of the building, built under John IV of Bueil to serve as a seigniorial dwelling, dates from the fourteenth century but the floor was refurbished by Xavier Branicki. This part of the building retains the traces of the defensive vocation of the fortress: the attic houses vestiges of the former walkway and windows opening to the north are rare and narrow. The ground floor consists mainly of parts for agricultural use, barn, press. The floor is served by a staircase opening on the inner courtyard MR 6.

The western part, completely rebuilt in the nineteenth century, is divided into three floors – including attic attics – to house Xavier Branicki’s guests; the doors of the many rooms are even numbered. The mullioned windows, on the south side, but especially on the north side, are much wider than in the medieval building RM 6. Even further west, an orangery adjoining the outbuildings also dates from the nineteenth century.

公地
一個大廈的門面的看法與外部台階塔和頂樓的在一部分的頂樓。
常見的(南立面)。
城堡的附屬建築是圍繞圍場的北部建造的。該建築的東部建於Bueil的約翰四世,作為一個獨立的住宅,可以追溯到十四世紀,但地板由Xavier Branicki翻新。建築的這一部分保留了堡壘的防禦性職業的痕跡:閣樓擁有前人行道的遺跡和向北開放的窗戶是罕見和狹窄的。底層主要包括農業用途,穀倉,壓榨部件。樓層由內部庭院MR 6的樓梯開放。

西部部分在十九世紀完全重建,分為三層 – 包括閣樓閣樓 – 以容納Xavier Branicki的客人;許多房間的門都是偶數。南側的直windows窗,尤其是北側的窗戶,比中世紀建築RM 6寬得多。再往西,與附屬建築相鄰的橘園也可以追溯到十九世紀。

FROM:https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Montr%C3%A9sor

FROM:Montrésor – Village préféré des francais 2015

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