Eureka Tower 尤里卡塔

Eureka Tower is a 297.3-metre (975 ft) skyscraper located in the Southbank precinct of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Construction began in August 2002 and the exterior completed on 1 June 2006. The plaza was finished in June 2006 and the building was officially opened on 11 October 2006. The project was designed by Melbourne architectural firm Fender Katsalidis Architects and was built by Grocon (Grollo Australia). The developer of the tower was Eureka Tower Pty Ltd, a joint venture consisting of Daniel Grollo (Grocon), investor Tab Fried and one of the Tower’s architects Nonda Katsalidis. It was the world’s tallest residential tower when measured to its highest floor, until surpassed by Ocean Heights and the HHHR Tower in Dubai. It is the second tallest building in Australia, behind Q1, Queensland, and is the tallest to roof (excluding spire). As of 2016 it was the 15th tallest residential building in the world.

尤里卡塔是一座297.3米(975英尺)的摩天大樓,位於澳大利亞維多利亞州墨爾本的南岸區。 建築於2002年8月開始,外部於2006年6月1日完工。該廣場於2006年6月完工,該建築於2006年10月11日正式開放。該項目由墨爾本建築事務所Fender Katsalidis Architects設計,由Grocon(Grollo)建造。 澳大利亞)。 該塔的開發商是Eureka Tower Pty Ltd,一家由Daniel Grollo(Grocon),投資者Tab Fried和Tower的建築師之一Nonda Katsalidis組成的合資企業。 它是世界上最高的住宅大廈,當它被測到最高樓層時,直到被海洋高地和迪拜的HHHR大廈超越。 它是澳大利亞第二高的建築,僅次於昆士蘭州的Q1,是屋頂最高的建築(不包括尖頂)。 截至2016年,它是世界上第15個最高的住宅樓。

Record height
Tallest in Melbourne since 2006
Preceded by:120 Collins Street
General information
Status:Complete
Type:Residential Apartment Building, Observation Tower
Architectural style:Modern
Location:Southbank, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Coordinates:37°49′18″S 144°57′52″ECoordinates: 37°49′18″S 144°57′52″E
Construction started:August 2002
Completed:October 2006
Cost:U$415m in 2006
Height
Architectural:297.3 metres (975 ft)
Top floor:292.3 metres (959 ft)
Observatory:282 metres (925 ft)
Technical details
Floor count:91 plus 1 underground
Floor area:123,000 m2 (1,323,961 sq ft)
Design and construction
Architect:Fender Katsalidis
Developer:Eureka Tower Pty Ltd
Main contractor:Grocon

記錄高度
自2006年以來在墨爾本最高
前面是:柯林斯街120號
一般信息
狀態:已完成
類型:住宅公寓樓,觀景塔
建築風格:現代
地點:南岸,墨爾本,維多利亞,澳大利亞
坐標:37°49’18“S 144°57’52”ECoordinates:37°49’18“S 144°57’52”E
施工開始:2002年8月
完成時間:2006年10月
費用:2006年為4.15億美元
高度
建築:297.3米(975英尺)
頂層:292.3米(959英尺)
天文台:282米(925英尺)
技術細節
樓層數:91加1地下
建築面積:123,000平方米(1,323,961平方英尺)
設計和施工
建築師:Fender Katsalidis
開發商:Eureka Tower Pty Ltd.
主承包商:Grocon




Design and features
Eureka Tower is named after the Eureka Stockade, a rebellion during the Victorian gold rush in 1854. This has been incorporated into the design, with the building’s gold crown representing the gold rush and a red stripe representing the blood spilt during the revolt.The blue glass cladding that covers most of the building represents the blue background of the stockade’s flag and the white lines also represent the Eureka Stockade flag. The white horizontal stripes also represent markings on a surveyor’s measuring staff.

At the base of the tower is an art installation containing bees inside a white box, resembling a manmade beehive. There are two regular sized bees outside the box, and one queen bee on the top. The gold colour of the bees complements the gold at the top of the tower. The installation was created by Richard Stringer and Nonda Katsalidis, and was complete in December 2007.

When measured either by the height of its roof, or by the height of its highest habitable floor, Eureka Tower was the tallest residential building in the world when completed. It is also currently the building with the most floors available for residential occupancy in the world. The building stands 297 metres (974 ft) in height, with 91 storeys above ground plus one basement level. It is one of only seven buildings in the world with 90 or more storeys and is the equal 77th tallest building in the world. It is also the second-tallest building in Australia and the tallest building in Melbourne. The single level basement and first 9 floors contain car parking. The building’s proximity to the water table as well as the Yarra River made the construction of a basement car park uneconomical. In all, there are 84 floors of apartments (including some floors shared between car parking and apartments), with the remainder being used for building facilities and the observation deck.

設計和功能
尤里卡塔以Eureka Stockade命名,1854年在維多利亞時代的淘金熱期間發生叛亂。這已經融入到設計中,建築的金色表冠代表淘金熱,紅色條紋代表反叛時流血。藍色覆蓋大部分建築的玻璃覆層代表了寨子旗幟的藍色背景,白色線條也代表了尤里卡斯托克旗幟。白色橫條紋也代表測量員測量人員的標記。

在塔的底部是一個藝術裝置,在白色盒子裡麵包含蜜蜂,類似於人造蜂箱。盒子外面有兩隻普通大小的蜜蜂,頂部有一隻蜂王。蜜蜂的金色與塔頂的金色相得益彰。該裝置由Richard Stringer和Nonda Katsalidis創建,並於2007年12月完成。

無論是通過屋頂的高度還是通過最高可居住地板的高度來衡量,尤里卡塔都是世界上最高的住宅建築。它目前也是世界上住宅入住率最高的建築物。該建築高297米(974英尺),地上91層,地下一層。它是世界上僅有的七座建築之一,擁有90層或更高的建築,是世界上第77座最高的建築。它也是澳大利亞第二高的建築,也是墨爾本最高的建築。單層地下室和前9層包含停車場。該建築靠近地下水位以及亞拉河,使得地下停車場的建設變得不經濟。總共有84層公寓(包括停車場和公寓之間共用的一些樓層),其餘用於建築設施和觀景台。

根據美國高層建築和城市人居委員會制定的排名系統,尤里卡大廈有資格成為高度排名的四個類別中的三個最高建築,即高層到最高樓層的高度。建築物。相比之下,黃金海岸的Q1公寓大樓擁有最高的居住樓層(觀景台),高度為235米(771英尺),比尤里卡塔最高的可居住樓層低62米(203英尺)。 Q1的最高頂層公寓是217米(712英尺),而尤里卡的頂層公寓高278米(912英尺)。然而,連接到Q1頂部的尖頂超過了其他兩個類別中的尤里卡塔,即“尖頂,頂峰,天線,桅杆或旗桿的高度” – 在這種情況下,尖頂 – 和建築頂部的高度建築物。

Specifications
556 apartments
13 lifts travelling up to 9 metres per second (30 ft/s)
52,000 square metres (560,000 sq ft) of windows
3,680 stairs
110,000 tonnes (110,000 long tons; 120,000 short tons) of concrete
5,000 tonnes (4,900 long tons; 5,500 short tons) of reinforced steel
Building weighs 200,000 tonnes (200,000 long tons; 220,000 short tons)
Floors 82 to 87, marketed as Summit Levels, contain only one apartment per floor, each with an original price of A$7 million for the unfurnished floor space alone.

The highest floors of the tower house an observation deck (level 88), restaurant (level 89), communications room and balcony (90) and water tanks (90 and 91). A system of pumps constantly moves water between the two 300,000 litre tanks to counteract wind-induced oscillations.

產品規格
556套公寓
13部電梯每秒行駛9米(30英尺/秒)
52,000平方米(560,000平方英尺)的窗戶
3,680級樓梯
110,000噸(110,000長噸; 120,000短噸)混凝土
5,000噸(4,900長噸; 5,500短噸)鋼筋
建築重量為200,000噸(200,000長噸; 220,000短噸)
作為Summit Levels銷售的82至87層,每層僅包含一個公寓,每個公寓的原始價格為700萬澳元,僅用於無家具的地板空間。

塔樓的最高樓層設有觀景台(88級),餐廳(89級),通信室和陽台(90)以及水箱(90和91)。泵系統不斷地在兩個300,000升的罐之間移動水以抵消風引起的振盪。

Observation deck (Eureka Skydeck 88)
The observation deck (Eureka Skydeck 88) occupies the entire 88th floor of the Eureka Tower and is the highest public vantage point in a building in the Southern Hemisphere at 285 m (935 ft). It opened to the public on 15 May 2007. An entry fee applies to access the Skydeck.

The Skydeck features thirty viewfinders that help visitors to pinpoint numerous significant landmarks around all parts of Melbourne, along with several free binoculars. There is a small outside area called The Terrace which is closed in high winds. There is also a glass cube called The Edge, which extends itself from the building to hang over the edge of the tower and add to the viewing experience.

On 10 January 2005, Grocon, the firm building Eureka Tower, proposed adding a 53.8 m (176.5 ft) communications mast/observation tower. The proposal is currently before the local planning commission. This mast would be a significant structure, used for providing an adventure climb to the tip of the summit.

On 16 April 2006, a new proposal was announced that the construction company and developers were considering options for the building to have a “skywalk” that would take daring people up 350 metres (1,150 ft) high. The proposed structure may also include a communications tower.

The Edge
Skydeck 88 features The Edge – a glass cube which projects 3 m (10 ft) out from the building with visitors inside, suspended almost 300 m (984 ft) above the ground. When one enters, the glass is opaque as the cube moves out over the edge of the building. Once fully extended over the edge, the glass becomes clear.

Air plant experiment
From June 2013, Grant Harris, environmental scientist, Stu Jones structural engineer, and Lloyd Godman, an ecological artist, carried out an experiment by placing Tillandsia plants on four locations on the tower. Two different species were placed at four levels: 56, 65, 91, and on top at level 92. These plants grow with no soil or watering / nutrient system and on Eureka Tower were exposed to the elements where they proved to grow through winter, salt winds over 200 kilometres per hour (120 mph) and a hot dry summer. The plants were checked over a 12-month period, grew and even flowered. As far as can be ascertained this is the highest building with plants on and the experiment paved the way for utilizing Tillandsia on high-rise buildings.

觀景台(Eureka Skydeck 88)
觀景台(Eureka Skydeck 88)佔據了尤里卡塔的整個88層,是南半球285米(935英尺)建築物中最高的公共觀景點。它於2007年5月15日向公眾開放。進入Skydeck需支付報名費。

Skydeck設有30個取景器,可幫助遊客查明墨爾本各地的眾多重要地標,以及幾個免費的雙筒望遠鏡。有一個名為The Terrace的小型戶外區域,在大風中關閉。還有一個名為The Edge的玻璃立方體,它從建築物延伸到懸掛在塔的邊緣,增加了觀看體驗。

2005年1月10日,建築物Eureka Tower的Grocon建議增加一個53.8米(176.5英尺)的通信桅杆/觀測塔。該提案目前正在當地規劃委員會面前。這個桅杆將是一個重要的結構,用於提供冒險攀登到頂峰。

2006年4月16日,一項新的提案宣布,建築公司和開發商正在考慮建築物的選擇,以實現“天空步道”,這將使大膽的人高達350米(1,150英尺)。所提出的結構還可以包括通信塔。

邊緣
Skydeck 88的特色是The Edge – 一個玻璃立方體,從建築物內部伸出3米(10英尺),內部有訪客,懸掛在離地面近300米(984英尺)處。當一個人進入時,玻璃是不透明的,因為立方體移出建築物的邊緣。一旦完全延伸到邊緣,玻璃就會變得清晰。

空氣植物實驗
從2013年6月起,環境科學家格蘭哈里斯(Stu Jones)結構工程師格蘭特哈里斯(Grant Harris)和生態藝術家勞埃德戈德曼(Lloyd Godman)通過將塔蘭迪亞植物放置在塔上的四個位置進行了實驗。兩個不同的物種被放置在四個水平:56,65,91,並在92級頂部。這些植物生長在沒有土壤或澆水/養分系統的情況下,並且在尤里卡塔上暴露於它們被證明在冬季生長的元素,鹽風速超過每小時200公里(120英里/小時),炎熱乾燥的夏季。在12個月的時間內檢查植物,生長甚至開花。據可以確定,這是有植物的最高建築,實驗為在高層建築上利用鐵蘭鋪平了道路。

Construction
Construction began August 2002 and took 4 years and 2 months.

The tower was built using reinforced concrete using a slipform method. Eureka Tower’s lift core superseded the height of Rialto Towers on 9 November 2004.

On 23 May 2006, the crane on top of the tower was dismantled by a smaller crane, which was dismantled by a smaller crane that could be taken down the service elevator.

Eureka Tower has 24 carat (99.9%) gold plated glass windows on the top 10 floors of the building. Installation of the gold glass was completed in March 2006. Apartment owners and tenants had taken up residence in the building between Ground Level and Level 80 as of July 2006.

On 11 October 2006, the tower was officially opened by then Premier of Victoria, Steve Bracks.

Construction methods
A 2-floor Grocon-Lubeca jumpform system was used to halve work time, concrete and joints required in the core, as well as increasing structural integrity.

Grocon purchased the Singapore company Lubeca in 2000, and then did more R&D to design the 2-floor jumpform system.

施工
建設始於2002年8月,耗時4年零2個月。

該塔採用滑模法,採用鋼筋混凝土建造。尤里卡塔的升降機核心於2004年11月9日取代了里亞托塔的高度。

2006年5月23日,塔頂上的起重機被一台小型起重機拆除,該起重機由一台較小的起重機拆除,該起重機可以從服務電梯上拆下。

Eureka Tower在建築的頂部10層設有24克拉(99.9%)鍍金玻璃窗。金玻璃的安裝於2006年3月完成。截至2006年7月,公寓業主和租戶已在地面層和80層之間的建築物中居住。

2006年10月11日,塔樓由當時的維多利亞州總理史蒂夫布拉克斯正式開放。

施工方法
使用2層Grocon-Lubeca跳躍系統將核心所需的工作時間,混凝土和接縫減半,並提高結構完整性。

Grocon於2000年收購了新加坡公司Lubeca,然後進行了更多研發以設計2層跳躍系統。

FROM:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eureka_Tower

FROM:Eureka Tower Skydeck 88 – Melbourne Views with “The Edge” Experience

FROM:Eureka Penthouse: 8601/7 Riverside Quay, Southbank

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