Fort du Hâ
The castle of Hâ, also named Fort Hâ, is an old fortress of Bordeaux, on the site of which are currently erected the Palace of Justice and the National School of the Judiciary. It was built by decision of King Charles VII, immediately after the final resumption of Bordeaux to the English in 1453. Its two towers (English and Minimes) are registered as historical monuments on April 12, 1965.
Hâ的城堡，也被命名為FortHâ，是波爾多的一個古老堡壘，目前正在這裡建立了司法宮和國家司法學院。 它是由查理七世國王決定在1453年波爾多最終恢復英國後立即建造的。它的兩座塔樓（英國和Minimes）於1965年4月12日登記為歷史古蹟。
Period or style: Fortress
Beginning of construction: 1454
Current owner: French State, General Council of Gironde
Current destination: Courthouse of Bordeaux
National School of the Judiciary
Protection: Inscribed MH (1965)
Coordinates: 44 ° 50 ’11 “North, 0 ° 34′ 46” West
Country: Flag of France France
Historic region Guyenne
Region: New Aquitaine
Gironde
City: Bordeaux
時期或風格：堡壘
開始施工：1454
現任所有者：法國國家，吉倫特省總理事會
目的地：波爾多法院
國立司法學院
保護：銘刻MH（1965）
坐標：44°50 ’11“北，0°34’46”西
國家：法國國旗法國
歷史悠久的地區Guyenne
地區：新阿基坦
吉倫特
城市：波爾多
On July 17, 1453 took place the battle of Castillon, which marks the end of the Hundred Years War. Shortly after this victory, the King of France Charles VII ordered the construction of the castle Trompette and Far (become Hâ) to “keep the Bordelais iron on the back” and to protect the country against a new English offensive.
Jean des Vignes is considered by many to be the architect of the Hâ castle. However, based on similarities in architectural features, the name of Mathieu de Fortune, builder of Château Neuf Bayonne, could be advanced, Jean des Vignes would have had then a financial role.
In addition, the brothers Bureau (Jean and Gaspard) are in charge of the supervision of the works of the castles Trompette and Hâ, seconded in this mission by a commission composed of three other men of confidence (the count of Clermont, Jean Poton de Xaintrailles and Théodore of Valpergue)
For having rallied to the English despite its surrender to Dunois in 1451, Bordeaux had, as well as other cities of Guyenne, bear the cost of construction.
The first stone was laid on January 24, 1456. The first use of the castle was to house part of the royal troops constituting the garrison of Bordeaux. Designed for defensive use, the walls of the Minimes Tower are 4.40m thick.
1453年7月17日發生了卡斯蒂永之戰，這標誌著百年戰爭的結束。在這次勝利後不久，法國國王查爾斯七世下令建造城堡Trompette和遠（成為Hâ）以“保持波爾多瑞鐵背面”並保護國家免受新的英國攻勢。
Jean des Vignes被許多人認為是Hâ堡的建築師。然而，基於建築特徵的相似性，ChâteauNeufBayonne的建造者Mathieu de Fortune的名字可能會提升，Jean des Vignes將有一個財務角色。
此外，主席團兄弟（約翰和加斯帕德）負責通過的其他三個信任的手下委員會（克萊蒙伯爵，讓Poton德克聖賴萊和西奧多監督小號城堡和廈的工作，在這個任務中的協助of Valpergue）
對於儘管他投降杜諾瓦於1451年已經上漲到英語，只好波爾多和GUYENNE的其他城市，承擔建設成本。
第一塊石頭是在1456年1月24日奠定的。城堡的第一個用途是容納部分構成波爾多駐軍的皇家軍隊。專為防御用途而設計，Minimes Tower的牆壁厚4.40米。
The eighteenth century
In 1731, a civilian prison was installed in Hâ.
On June 20, 1777, the German emperor, Joseph II, traveling to Bordeaux incognito, under the name of Count of Falkenstein, visits the city, its theater and its castles.
In August 1785, by letters patent Louis XVI ordered the demolition of the castle Trumpet, and thus the construction of new barracks at Fort Hâ. The construction of the new buildings was entrusted in November 1786 to the architect Victor Louis. His plans and specifications were accepted on March 18, 1788, but the project will not be realized because of the Revolution.
十八世紀
1731年，在Hâ安裝了一所平民監獄。
1777年6月20日，德國皇帝約瑟夫二世（Joseph II）以法爾肯斯坦伯爵（Count of Falkenstein）的名義隱姓埋名前往波爾多（Bordeaux），參觀了這座城市，它的劇院和城堡。
1785年8月，路易十六通過信件專利命令拆除城堡小號，從而在哈希堡建造新營房。 新建築的建造於1786年11月委託給建築師Victor Louis。 他的計劃和規範於1788年3月18日被接受，但由於革命，該項目將無法實現。
During the revolution
On July 10, 1791, a decree provides for the suppression and sale of Fort Hâ, Fort Louis and Chateau Trompette. Nevertheless, following the requests formulated by the departmental directory, the Hâ is left at the disposal of the department to establish its prisons.
During the Terror, the fort of Hâ is soon declared national property and becomes state prison. Many of the prisoners who are incarcerated await their death sentence by the Military Commission of Gironde, sitting in the former chapel of Minimes, adjoining the prison. Its president, Jean-Baptiste Lacombe, will in turn be imprisoned in Hâ a few days after 9 Thermidor year II and guillotined on August 14, 1794.
Among the many prisoners of Hâ include:
the journalist Romain Duperier to whom his detention from October 15, 1793 to end 1794, inspired a hero-comic poem: The Revolutionary Verroux.
François-Armand de Saige, mayor of Bordeaux, guillotined on October 25, 1793, Place Nationale.
the chronicler Bernadau, incarcerated from October 18, 1793 to March 4, 1794.
Antoine Duranthon, lawyer in the Parliament of Bordeaux became, during some months of 1792, Minister of Justice of Louis XVI, beheaded on December 20, 179318.
Thérèse Cabarrus, probably arrested in November 1793, under the laws of the suspects, she will be saved by Tallien, one of four representatives on mission in Bordeaux, who will not delay to marry her. His presence at Hâ is proven despite the disappearance of any official document.
The architect Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Thiac (father of the architect Joseph-Adolphe Thiac who will shave Fort Hâ in 1835, to build instead, the courthouse and the departmental prison) was arrested in December 1793, tried in March 1794 and acquitted.
在革命期間
1791年7月10日，一項法令規定鎮壓和銷售FortHâ，Fort Louis和Chateau Trompette。然而，根據部門目錄提出的要求，Hâ由部門負責建立監獄。
在恐怖期間，Hâ堡壘很快被宣佈為國家財產並成為州監獄。許多被監禁的囚犯等待吉倫德軍事委員會的死刑等待，他們坐在毗鄰監獄的前Minimes教堂裡。它的總統讓 – 巴蒂斯特·拉孔布（Jean-Baptiste Lacombe）將於9月9日在第二年的第二天被監禁，並於1794年8月14日被斷絕。
在H的許多囚犯中包括：
從1793年10月15日到1794年末被拘留的記者Romain Duperier激發了一首英雄漫畫詩：革命的Verroux。
波爾多市市長François-Armand de Saige於1793年10月25日斷絕了國家廣場。
編年史的貝納多，於1793年10月18日至1794年3月4日被監禁。
波爾多議會的律師Antoine Duranthon在1792年的幾個月裡成為路易十六司法部長，於1793年12月20日被斬首。
特里薩卡巴呂，大概在1793年11月被捕，在犯罪嫌疑人的法律，她將被Tallien，四名代表特派波爾多，誰就會馬上結婚的一個保存。儘管任何官方文件消失，但他在哈的存在已得到證實。
建築師皮埃爾 – 讓·巴蒂斯特Thiac（父親建築師約瑟夫 – 阿道夫Thiac將剃堡杜廈於1835年建立，而不是，法院和縣監獄的）於1793年12月被捕， 1794年3月嘗試並無罪釋放。
The nineteenth century
In 1835, work began to demolish Fort Hâ for the construction of the new Palace of Justice and the future prison of Hâ. Only the two remaining towers will be preserved from the old castle.
November 19, 1846 is the inauguration of new buildings built by the architect Joseph-Adolphe Thiac. The new prison was modeled after the United States Pennsylvania Penitentiary System.
十九世紀
1835年，工作開始拆除哈希堡，建造新的司法宮和未來的Hâ監獄。 只有剩下的兩座塔樓將從舊城堡中保留下來。
1846年11月19日是建築師Joseph-Adolphe Thiac建造的新建築的落成典禮。 新監獄仿照美國賓夕法尼亞州監獄系統。
FROM:https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_du_H%C3%A2
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