Grosse cloche de Bordeaux 波爾多的大鐘

La grosse cloche de Bordeaux est le beffroi de l’ancien hôtel de ville. La porte et les tours, dites de la Grosse Cloche, sont classées au titre des monuments historiques par arrêté du 12 juillet 1886.

波爾多的大鐘是舊市政廳的鐘樓。 被稱為Grosse Cloche的大門和塔樓按照1886年7月12日的順序被列為歷史古蹟。

Presentation
Type: Belfry
Style: Gothic Architecture
Construction: 15th century
Height: 40 m
Patrimonial status:
Historic Monument Logo Classified MH (1886, Buildings) 1
Historic monument logo Classified MH (1991, Bell)
Location
Country: Flag of France.svg France
Region: New Aquitaine
Department: Gironde
City: Bordeaux
Coordinates: 44 ° 50 ’07 “N, 0 ° 34′ 17” W

介紹
類型:鐘樓
風格:哥特式建築
建築:15世紀
高度:40米
婚姻狀況:
歷史紀念碑標誌分類MH(1886,建築物)1
歷史紀念碑標誌分類MH(1991,貝爾)
位置
國家:France.svg法國國旗
地區:新阿基坦
部門:吉倫特
城市:波爾多
坐標:44°50’07“N,0°34’17”W



It is one of the few civil monuments (with the door Cailhau) that the city preserves from the Middle Ages. It has been restored from 4 to 22 July 2016.

It was built in the fifteenth century on the remains of the old Porte Saint-Eloy (also called Saint James Gate) of the thirteenth century (backed by the church of Saint-Eloi of the twelfth century), open on the ramparts of the thirteenth century and under which the pilgrims of Saint-Jacques went on their way to Compostela. Hence the name of the neighboring St. James Street, St. James being the Gascon name of Saint-Jacques.

It consists of two circular towers 40 meters high connected by a central building and dominated by the golden leopard. Originally it was a set of four round and crenellated towers, to which were added, in the twelfth century, two other towers and rose only one floor. These last two were located at the site of the middle of the current course Victor Hugo which was at the time a ditch along the rampart.

All the successive modifications made between the fifteenth and seventeenth century transformed the primitive physiognomy of this door became belfry, the steeple of banal communal having been added to it from the fifteenth century.

The magistrates of the city rang the bell to give the signal of the grape harvests and to alert the population in case of beginnings of fires.

This is the reason why it has always been the symbol of the city and still stands today on the city’s coat of arms.
The Bordelais were very attached to this bell. Moreover, when the king wanted to punish them for their insubordination, it was enough for him to remove: the inhabitants were not long then to return to the rank to find their emblem … This is how it is removed from Bordelais by King Henry II and broken to punish them with their revolt of 1548 (the pauper’s jacquerie); the bell returns in 1561 for the greatest joy of the good people.

After the fire of 1755, alley and campanile crown the covered towers in the form of pepper shakers.

In the center of the wrought iron gate (eighteenth century) that closes the bay in which the bell is located, an escutcheon represents the arms of the city while, north face, grimacing gargoyles of the fifteenth century remain with, below, inscriptions engraved on black marble and dated 1592.

The current bell was cast in June 1775 by the founder Turmeau (see the plate under the tower). It weighs 7,800 kg for two meters in height and diameter4. It is classified under object since July 4, 1991. It rang the commemoration of the victory of May 8, 1945, since because of its weight and the risks of cracks that could cause the vibrations of the bell, it does not sounded a few times, when it was put back in place in the campanile, following its restoration and during the visit of General de Gaulle in the city, on April 10, 1961.

Until June 2016, it rang every year five times a year. January 1 (New Year), May 8 (Victory of May 8, 1945), July 14 (National Day), August 28 (liberation of Bordeaux in 1944) and November 11 (Armistice of 1918) in the presence of many spectators at 11 am6. Since then, it also sounds every first Sunday of the month.

Represented on the weather vane, the English leopard recalls the arms of the province of English Guyenne whose Bordeaux was the capital.

The clock built in 1759 according to the plans of the mathematician and astronomer Paul Larroque replaced that of 1567 executed by Raymond Sudre. Above it is a solar equation dial.

The tower is open from 1 pm to 7 pm during the summer.

它是中世紀保留的少數民用古蹟之一(與Cailhau門一起)。它已於2016年7月4日至22日恢復。

它始建於上古門聖埃洛伊(也叫聖詹姆斯門)十三世紀(十二世紀的聖埃洛伊支持)的遺體十五世紀,打開十三世紀的城牆聖雅克朝聖者前往孔波斯特拉的路上。因此,鄰近的聖詹姆斯街,聖詹姆斯的名字是加斯孔的名字聖雅克。

它由兩座40米高的圓形塔樓組成,由一座中央建築連接,由金色豹紋構成。最初它是一套四個圓形和鋸齒狀的塔,在12世紀增加了另外兩個塔,只有一層樓。最後兩個位於當前路線維克多雨果中間的位置,當時是沿著城牆的溝渠。

十五,十七世紀之間的所有連續發生的變化改變這個門的原始方面成為鐘樓,其從十五世紀以來他副市級禁令的鐘樓。

城市的地方法官敲響了鐘聲,發出葡萄收穫的信號,並在火災開始時提醒居民。

這就是為什麼它一直是這個城市的象徵,並且今天仍然站在城市的徽章上。
Bordelais非常依賴這個鐘。此外,當國王想要懲罰他們的不服從,這足以將其取出:人們很難很慢,然後回線恢復他們的徽記……因此,它被移除國王亨利二世(Bordelais)的國王亨利二世(Bordelais)因1548年的叛亂而被打破以懲罰他們(乞丐的搗蛋鬼);鐘聲在1561年回歸,為了善良人民的最大喜悅。

在1755年的大火之後,胡同和鍾樓以胡椒瓶的形式冠上了覆蓋的塔樓。

在熟鐵柵極(十八世紀)封閉在位於鐘形托架的中心,徽章表示城市而北面的臂,鬼臉怪獸十五世紀生存,下面,銘文刻在黑色大理石上,日期為1592年。

目前的鐘聲是由創始人Turmeau於1775年6月演出的(見塔下的盤子)。它的重量為7,800千克,高度和直徑為4米4。自1991年7月4日以來,它被歸類為物體。它響起了紀念1945年5月8日的勝利,因為它的重量和可能導致鍾振動的裂縫的風險,它沒有1961年4月10日,在修復之後以及戴高樂將軍在該市的訪問期間,它被重新安置在鐘樓內。

直到2016年6月,它每年五次響起。 1月1日(元旦),5月8日在很多的情況下,7月14日(節假日),8月28日(解放波爾多1944年)和11月11日(1918年停戰)(1945年5月8日的勝利)觀眾在上午11點6點。從那時起,它也在每個月的第一個星期日發出聲音。

英國豹子以風向標為代表,回憶起波爾多是首都英吉尼亞省的武器。

根據數學家和天文學家保羅拉羅克的計劃,建於1759年的時鐘取代了雷蒙德蘇德雷執行的1567年。上面是太陽方程式錶盤。

該塔在夏季的下午1點至7點開放。

FROM:https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grosse_cloche_de_Bordeaux

FROM:Beffroi de la Grosse Cloche

 

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