Simmons Hall 席夢思大廳
The undergraduate residence is envisioned with the concept of “porosity.” It is a vertical slice of city, 10 stories tall and 382′ long, providing a 125 seat theater, a night café, and street level dining. The “sponge” concept transforms the building via a series of programmatic and bio-technical functions. The building has five large openings corresponding to main entrances, view corridors, and outdoor activity terraces. Large, dynamic openings are the lungs, bringing natural light down and moving air up. Each of the dormitory’s single rooms has nine operable windows. An 18″ wall depth shades out the summer sun while allowing the low angled winter sun to help heat the building. At night, light from these windows is rhythmic and magical.
本科住宅設想了“孔隙度”的概念。它是一個垂直的城市，10層高，382英尺長，提供125個座位的劇院，夜間咖啡廳和街道用餐。 “海綿”概念通過一系列程序和生物技術功能改變了建築。該建築有五個大開口，分別對應主要入口，觀景走廊和戶外活動露台。大而動態的開口是肺部，自然光線下降，空氣向上移動。宿舍的每間單人間均設有9個可操作的窗戶。 18英寸的牆壁遮擋了夏日的陽光，同時允許低角度的冬日陽光幫助建築物加熱。晚上，這些窗戶的光線是有節奏和神奇的。
Architects: Steven Holl Architects
Location: Cambridge, Massachusetts
Local Architect: Perry Dean Rogers & Partners
Project Year: 1999-2002
Structural Engineer: Simpson Gumpertz & Heger
建築師：Steven Holl Architects
地點：馬薩諸塞州劍橋市
當地建築師：Perry Dean Rogers＆Partners
項目年份：1999-2002
結構工程師：Simpson Gumpertz＆Heger
When Massachusetts Institute of Technology commissioned Steven Holl in 1999 to design a new a dormitory for the school they had one goal in sight: that the spaces around and within the building would stir up interaction among students. While MIT focused on the building’s use and function, Holl aimed to create a memorable building. With MIT’s vision in mind along with Holl’s artistic architectural ideas, the ten-story undergraduate dormitory became a small city in itself with balancing opposing architectural elements, such as solids and voids and opaqueness and transparency.
當麻省理工學院於1999年委託Steven Holl為學校設計一個新的宿舍時，他們有一個目標：建築物周圍和內部的空間將激發學生之間的互動。雖然麻省理工學院專注於建築的使用和功能，但霍爾的目標是創造一個令人難忘的建築。隨著麻省理工學院的願景以及霍爾的藝術建築理念，這個十層的本科宿捨本身就成了一個小城市，平衡了相對的建築元素，如固體和空隙，不透明和透明度。
Holl’s design solution was that the building would metaphorically work as a sponge. It would be a porous structure that would soak up light through a series of large openings that would cut into the building so that light would filter through in section. These breaks in section would then become main interactive spaces for the students, providing views onto different levels. In his original drawings, Holl referred to these breaks as the building’s “lungs” as they would bring natural light down while circulating air up.
Holl的設計解決方案是，該建築將隱喻地用作海綿。它將是一種多孔結構，可以通過一系列大開口吸收光線，這些開口會切入建築物，使光線在剖面中過濾。這些中斷部分將成為學生的主要互動空間，提供不同層次的視圖。在他的原始圖紙中，霍爾將這些斷裂稱為建築物的“肺部”，因為它們會在空氣流通的同時將自然光照射下來。
Unfortunately, the final design was not able to incorporate these gaps at the massive scale that Holl originally had in mind due to fire regulations. Nonetheless the main concept was still carried through with smaller breaks. The lungs scattered throughout the building have a dynamic organic geometry that juxtaposes the rigidity of the gridded rectilinear exterior. Along this colored exterior grid system are five large openings, or voids, in an otherwise solid structure that correspond to main entrances, view corridors, and outdoor terraces.
不幸的是，最終設計無法將Holl最初因火災規定而考慮的大規模空間納入這些空白。儘管如此，主要概念仍然通過較小的休息時間進行。散佈在整個建築物中的肺部具有動態的有機幾何形狀，並將網格直線外部的剛性並置。沿著這種彩色的外部網格系統是五個大的開口或空隙，在其他固體結構中，對應於主入口，視圖走廊和室外露台。
MIT’s desire for the undergraduate dormitory to encourage interaction and mingling among students was the driving force behind Simmons Hall becoming a “slice of a city.” The 195,000 square foot project is not only a dormitory with 350 residences, but also contains an 125 seat theater, a night cafe, and street level dining. The interior corridors are 11 feet wide, enhancing the possibilities for urban conditions inside. The abundance of windows creates a constant flicker of changing lights as the different rooms are occupied, resembling a city skyline at night. These windows also welcome plenty of sunlight and natural ventilation for each room. Each residential room has nine operable windows, and an 18-inch wall depth allows low-angled winter sun to warm up the building and allow the rooms to stay shaded and cool during the summer months.
麻省理工學院希望本科宿舍鼓勵學生之間的互動和交流，這是席夢思大廳成為“城市片段”背後的驅動力。這個佔地195,000平方英尺的項目不僅是一個擁有350個住宅的宿舍，而且還包含一個125個座位的劇院，夜間咖啡廳和街道用餐。內部走廊寬11英尺，增強了內部城市環境的可能性。隨著不同的房間被佔用，窗戶豐富的窗戶不斷閃爍變換的燈光，類似於夜晚的城市天際線。這些窗戶還為每間客房提供充足的陽光和自然通風。每個住宅房間有9個可操作的窗戶，18英寸的牆壁深度允許低角度的冬季陽光使建築物變暖，並允許房間在夏季保持陰涼和涼爽。
“For Simmons Hall, the new undergraduate dormitory at the Massachesetts Institute of Technoloy, Holl infects a perforated, monolithic box with contained spaces that curve and unfold towards natural light.” Holl’s design was able to meet MIT’s expectations for a more interactive environment with beautiful spaces through his contained city. The building is both “rational and intuitive” and creates a lively, well-lit urban condition in a completely enclosed structure.
“對於Simmons Hall，Massachesetts技術研究所的新本科宿舍，Holl感染了一個帶有空間的穿孔整體盒子，這些空間可以彎曲並向自然光展開。”Holl的設計能夠滿足麻省理工學院對更具互動性的環境的期望通過他所包含的城市空間。該建築既“理性又直觀”，在完全封閉的結構中營造出生動，光線充足的城市環境。
FROM:http://www.stevenholl.com/projects/mit-simmons-hall
https://www.archdaily.com/65172/simmons-hall-at-mit-steven-holl
FROM:MIT Simmons Hall by Steven Holl
FROM:Phenomenology In Simmons Hall
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