From:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warner_Bros._Studios,_Leavesden

Airport type Airfield & Factory, Closed
Owner de Havilland Aircraft Company (c1940 – 1960)
Hawker Siddeley (1960 – 1977)
Rolls-Royce Holdings (1977 – closure)
Location Leavesden, Abbots Langley, Hertfordshire, UK
In use 8th December 1941 – 31st March 1994
Elevation AMSL 335 ft / 102 m
Coordinates 51°41′24″N 0°25′08″W

機場類型機場＆工廠，關閉
德哈維蘭飛機公司（c1940 – 1960）
豪克·西德利（1960-1777）
勞斯萊斯控股（1977年 – 關閉）
位置Leavesden，Abbots Langley，赫特福德郡，英國
在1941年12月8日至1994年3月31日使用
海拔AMSL 335英尺/ 102米
坐標51°41’24“N 0°25’08”W

Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden is an 80-hectare studio complex in Leavesden in Hertfordshire, in southeast England. Formerly known as Leavesden Film Studios and still colloquially known Leavesden Studios or simply Leavesden, it is a film and media complex owned by Warner Bros. The studios and backlot were all retrofitted as the site’s original purpose was as an aircraft factory and airfield called Leavesden Aerodrome, a centre of British aircraft production during World War II. It is situated in Abbots Langley, near Watford, in southwest Hertfordshire.

Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden is one of only a few places in the United Kingdom where large scale film productions can be made. The studios contain approximately 50,000 m2 (538,196 sq ft) of flexible space which includes stage space, one of the largest filtered and heated stage-based water tanks in Europe, production office space, workshops and support buildings, along with an extensive 32-hectare (79-acre) backlot which offers a 180 degree uninterrupted horizon, favourable for exterior sets. Following an over £110m refurbishment by Warner Bros. the studios are now one of the largest and most state-of-the-art secure filmmaking facilities in the world.

Though the studios are owned by Warner Bros., all of the studio facilities are available to rent for any production. Since acquiring the site Warner Bros. has opened a public attraction called Warner Bros. Studio Tour London – The Making of Harry Potter, which receives over 6,000 visitors a day at peak times all whilst the site maintains a secure studio space within the same complex.

位於英國東南部赫特福德郡利維斯登的一片佔地80公頃的工作室位於華納兄弟工作室。以前叫作Leavesden電影製片廠，並且仍然俗稱Leavesden演播室或者僅僅是Leavesden，它是由華納兄弟擁有的電影和媒介複合體。演播室和後勤位被所有被改型因為站點的原始目的是作為飛機工廠和機場叫Leavesden機場，這是二戰期間英國飛機製造的中心。它坐落在赫特福德郡西南沃特福德附近的Abbots Langley。

Leavesden是華納兄弟工作室（Warner Bros. Studios），是英國為數不多的可以製作大型電影作品的地方之一。該工作室包含大約50,000平方米（538,196平方英尺）的靈活空間，其中包括舞台空間，歐洲最大的過濾和加熱舞台水箱之一，生產辦公空間，車間和輔助建築，以及佔地32公頃（79英畝）的backlot提供180度不間斷的地平線，有利於外部設置。在華納兄弟超過1.1億英鎊的整修之後，這些工作室成為全球最大，最先進的安全電影製作設備之一。

雖然這些工作室是華納兄弟公司所有，但是所有的工作室設施都可以出租用於任何生產。華納兄弟公司收購華納兄弟公司後，開設了名為“倫敦華納兄弟工作室之旅”的製作公司 – “哈利·波特製作大全”，每天在高峰時段接待超過6,000名遊客，同時該地還在同一建築內維持一個安全的工作室空間。

The Great Hall set in 360 degrees | Warner Bros. Studio Tour London

From:Warner Bros. Studio Tour London
Diagon Alley Set in 360 Degrees

From:Warner Bros. Studio Tour London
The Gryffindor common room set in 360 degrees | Warner Bros. Studio Tour London

From:Warner Bros. Studio Tour London

Leavesden Aerodrome was a British airfield created in 1940 by the de Havilland Aircraft Company & the Air Ministry in the village of Leavesden, between Watford and Abbots Langley, in Hertfordshire.

Construction began in 1940 after the outbreak of World War II. The de Havilland company, who were based in nearby Hatfield, entered into a contract with the Air Ministry to produce what would become known as the Mosquito fighter craft. Space for the large scale hangars needed to produce the huge number of airplanes required was not available at de Havilland’s Hatfield Aerodrome. So the Ministry of Supply requisitioned this new site in Leavesden, which was an empty plot of land at the time from the Watford Corporation, and it was developed into the complex that it is today. The construction was enormously expensive so parts of the site were leased to the London Aircraft Production Group & The Second Aircraft Group. Under Handley Page, another Hertfordshire-based airplane manufacturer contracted to the Air Ministry, these groups produced the Handley Page Halifax heavy bomber. As a result, by the end of the war Leavesden Airfield was, by volume, the largest factory in the world.

The two planes were both critical successes for Britain during the conflict. Due to the high priority placed on aircraft production, large numbers of workers were drafted with little experience or training in aircraft production, with over half the workforce eventually being female. As part of constructing the aircraft factory an airstrip was created, first so the planes could be tested and later to deliver the craft to their final destinations. The runway and control tower still remain to this day, even after two major renovations, in an effort to preserve the site’s history. The runway is now the main road through the complex and the tower is currently an observation lounge.

After the war, the aerodrome was purchased outright by de Havilland, who themselves had a succession of owners in the following decades, including Hawker Siddeley from 1959, but ultimately they and the site were acquired by Rolls-Royce who used it as a factory for producing engines for airplanes and later helicopters. It was also used by commercial small business aircraft as the field is close to both the M1 & M25 motorways. However, by the early 1990s, Britain’s manufacturing industry was in decline and Rolls-Royce had sold their interests in the site. Unable to find a new owner, by 1994 Leavesden Aerodrome was left disused and all but abandoned.

Leavesden Aerodrome是英國的一個機場，由德哈維蘭飛機公司和空軍部在赫特福德郡沃特福德和阿博特蘭利之間的利斯登村所創建。

第二次世界大戰爆發後，建於1940年。位於哈特菲爾德附近的德哈維蘭公司與空軍部簽訂了一項合作協議，以生產所謂的“蚊子戰鬥機”。德哈維蘭哈特菲爾德機場沒有提供大量飛機所需的大型機庫的空間。因此，供應部將這個新的地點徵用在了萊克斯登，這個地方當時是沃特福德公司的一塊空地塊，現在已經發展成為一個複雜的地方。這個建築非常昂貴，所以部分場地被租給了倫敦飛機製造集團和第二飛機集團。 Handley Page是另一家赫特福德郡的飛機製造商，與空軍部簽約，這些團體製造了哈利法克斯號重型轟炸機。結果，到了戰爭結束時，利斯騰機場是世界上最大的工廠。

這兩架飛機在衝突中都是英國的重大成功。由於高度重視飛機生產，大量的工人在起飛時沒有經驗或者飛機製造方面的培訓，一半以上的勞動力最終都是女性。作為飛機製造廠的一部分，創建了一個簡易機場，首先是飛機可以進行測試，然後將飛機運送到最終目的地。跑道和控制塔至今仍然保留至今，甚至經過兩次重大改造，以保持該地的歷史。跑道現在是通過複雜的主要道路，塔目前是觀察室。

戰後，德哈維蘭直接購買了機場，德哈維蘭自己也在接下來的幾十年裡擁有了一系列的所有者，包括1959年的豪克·西德利（Hawker Siddeley），但最終他們和這個地盤被羅爾斯·羅伊斯收購，羅爾斯·羅伊斯曾用它作為工廠為飛機和後來的直升機生產發動機。商用小型商務飛機也使用這種飛機，因為該地區靠近M1和M25高速公路。然而，到了20世紀90年代初，英國的製造業正在衰落，羅爾斯·羅伊斯（Rolls-Royce）出售了他們在該地的興趣。無法找到一個新的所有者，1994年Leavesden機場被遺棄，所有，但都被遺棄。

Warner Bros. Studio Tour London The Making of Harry Potter March 2015 HD

From:Theme Park Worldwide

In 1994, Eon Productions’ James Bond film GoldenEye was to be the next film in the series. Pinewood Studios, their traditional home studio, was fully booked with other productions, not being prepared for the series’ unexpected return. Facing little time to find a space in which they could build the number of large scale sets required, the production discovered the unoccupied Leavesden. The wide, tall and open aircraft hangars were uniquely well suited to conversion into film stages. Eon leased the site for the duration of their shoot and went about gutting the factories, turning them into stages, workshops and offices – in short a working film studio.[4] This process is shown on the 2006 DVD’s special features. Members of the production crew, impressed by the enormous size of the filmmaking complex they suddenly had to themselves, jokingly called Leavesden “Cubbywood” after Eon’s long serving producer Albert R. ‘Cubby’ Broccoli.

Leavesden Studios, as the site was rebranded by its owners, quickly became popular after GoldenEye wrapped. A succession of major feature films made use of the site, including the first of the Star Wars prequels, The Phantom Menace and Tim Burton’s Sleepy Hollow.

1994年，Eon製作公司的詹姆斯·邦德電影“黃金眼”成為該系列的下一部電影。他們傳統的家庭工作室Pinewood Studios與其他作品完全一樣，沒有為這個系列的意外回報做好準備。他們沒有多少時間找到一個空間來建立所需要的大規模集合的數量，生產發現了無人居住的利斯登。寬闊而高大的飛機庫非常適合轉換成電影舞台。 Eon在拍攝期間租用了這個場地，並且把工廠拆了，把它們變成了舞台，工作室和辦公室 – 簡而言之就是一個電影製片廠。這個過程顯示在2006年DVD的特殊功能。劇組成員對於他們突然不得不為自己製作的巨大電影製作團隊留下了深刻的印象，在Eon的長期製作人Albert R.’Cubby’Broccoli之後，他們開玩笑地稱之為Leavesden“Cubbywood”。

在GoldenEye包裝之後，Leavesden Studios在網站被所有者重新命名時迅速流行起來。包括“星球大戰前傳”，“幽靈威脅”和蒂姆·伯頓的“睡谷”在內的一系列主要故事片。

By the year 2000, Heyday Films had acquired use of the site on behalf of Warner Bros. for what would be the first in a series of films, Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone. Every one of the Harry Potter films was based out of Leavesden Studios over the following ten years.

Indeed other films, such as Sherlock Holmes and Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street actually made use of some of the Harry Potter sets since they were vividually suitable for their Victorian setting and tone. During this time, however, it was noted that there were some ways in which the site’s facilities might be improved. adequately soundproofed and the WW2 era ceilings had a tendency to leak during rainy weather.

到了2000年，鼎盛電影公司就代表華納兄弟公司獲得了該系列電影“哈利·波特與魔法石”中的第一部電影。 在接下來的十年裡，“哈利·波特”電影中的每一部電影都是基於利斯汀工作室的。

事實上，其他電影，如福爾摩斯和理髮師托德：艦隊街的惡魔理髮師實際上使用了一些哈利·波特設置，因為他們是適合維多利亞時代的設置和音調。 但是，在這段時間裡，有人指出，現場設施可能有一些改進的方法。 充分隔音，WW2時代的天花板在雨天有洩漏的傾向。

One of the more noticeable exterior sets constructed on the Leavesden backlot (outdoors) was a row of ten houses (five per side) along a street, which was created for the Harry Potter series to represent Privet Drive.

On 21 March 2010, there was a fire on one of the Hogwarts sets during Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 at Leavesden Studios. Not much of the set was badly damaged.

In 2010, as the eighth and final Harry Potter film was nearing completion, Warner Bros. announced their intention to purchase the studio as a permanent European base, the first studio to do so since Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in the 1940s

在Leavesden後座（戶外）上建造的一個更引人注目的外部裝置是一排沿著一條街道的十間房子（每邊五個），這是為哈利波特系列代表女貞路而設計的。

2010年3月21日，在“哈利·波特與死亡聖器 – 第二部分”中，利維斯登工作室裡發生了一起霍格沃茨套裝的大火。 沒有太多的損壞嚴重。

2010年，作為第八次也是最後一次哈利·波特電影即將完成，華納兄弟宣布他們打算購買該工作室作為一個永久的歐洲基地，自20世紀40年代以來Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer以來的第一個工作室

By November 2010, Warner Bros. completed its purchase of Leavesden Studios and announced plans to invest more than £100m into the site they had occupied for over ten years, rebranding it Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden. The studios make Warner Bros. the only Hollywood film studio with a permanent base in the United Kingdom.
The triple-decker Knight Bus used in the Harry Potter film series
Much of the redevelopment involved converting stages A through H into sound stages and equipping all the facilities with the latest fittings a production might require. The refurbished stages were retrofits of the original buildings and the runway and control tower from the site’s days as an aerodrome remain intact as well as all of the buildings’ original structures. The full scale refurbishment and renovation of the production facilities were completed and the studios reopened to film and television work in 2012.

到2010年11月，華納兄弟完成了對Leavesden工作室的收購，並宣布計劃投資超過1億英鎊到他們已經佔領了十年以上的地方，並將其重新命名為華納兄弟影業公司（Warner Bros. Studios）。 工作室使華納兄弟公司成為唯一在英國擁有永久性基地的好萊塢電影製片廠。
哈利波特電影系列中使用的三層騎士巴士
大部分的重建工作都涉及將A到H階段轉換成合理的階段，並為所有設施配備生產可能需要的最新配件。 經過翻新的階段是對現有建築物，跑道和控制塔進行改造，因為機場保持完好無損，以及所有建築物的原有結構。 生產設施的全面翻新和翻新工作已經完成，工作室在2012年重新開始了影視工作。

As part of this redevelopment Warner Bros. also created two entirely new soundstages, J & K, to house a permanent public exhibition called the Warner Bros. Studio Tour London – The Making of Harry Potter, creating 300 new jobs in the local area. Currently the whole attraction is dedicated to the making of Harry Potter and is now home to many of the series’ most iconic sets, props and costumes. It was opened to the public in early 2012.

The first film to start shooting at the newly refurbished studios was Edge of Tomorrow.[15] Though the studios are now privately owned, the shooting spaces are available to rent for any production.

On June 30, 2014, Warner Bros. announced the expansion of the studio, building three new state-of-the-art stages and adding a further 100,000 square feet of office space. The announcements were made after a reception celebrating the Creative Industries, hosted by PM David Cameron, and attended by WB’s CEO Kevin Tsujihara and WB UK’s MD Josh Berger. Leavesden’s trio of new sound-stages consist of one 35,000 square foot building and two 17,000 square foot buildings, along with 20,000 square feet of adjacent office space which were completed by the end of 2014. On the same day the filming of live-action The Legend of Tarzan got underway at the studio. Following the refurbishments, the studios are now one of the largest and most state-of-the-art secure filmmaking facilities in the world.

Royal opening
Almost twenty years after the complex was converted from aerodrome to film studios—and over a year since the completion of work on the newly refurbished studios—the site was officially opened by the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge on 26 April 2013. On their visit, they were accompanied by the Duke’s brother Prince Harry and J. K. Rowling (who had been unable to attend the tour’s grand opening the year before), amongst other guests. Several hundred beneficiaries of supported charities were given invitations to the Studio Tour on the day of the visit. The royal entourage visited both the tour and the studios, viewing the props and costumes from Christopher Nolan’s Batman films, before conducting the site’s inauguration.

作為這次重建的一部分，華納兄弟還創建了兩個全新的音樂廳J＆K，在倫敦華納兄弟工作室之旅 – 哈利·波特製作永久公開展覽上創造了300個新的就業機會。目前整個吸引力都集中在哈利·波特的製作上，而現在則是許多系列中最具標誌性的套裝，道具和服裝。它在2012年初向公眾開放。

第一部在新裝修的工作室拍攝的電影是“明日之刃”（Edge of Tomorrow）。[15]雖然工作室現在是私人擁有的，但拍攝空間可供任何生產租用。

2014年6月30日，華納兄弟宣布擴建工作室，建設三個新的最先進的舞台，並增加10萬平方英尺的辦公空間。這個消息是在由David Cameron主持的創意產業招待會上發布的，並由世行首席執行官Kevin Tsujihara和世界銀行英國的Josh Berger博士出席。 Leavesden的三個新的音階包括一個35,000平方英尺的建築物和兩個17,000平方英尺的建築物，以及20,000平方英尺的相鄰辦公空間，這些在2014年底完成。同一天，拍攝的真人版The泰山傳奇在工作室進行了。在翻新後，工作室現在是世界上最大，最先進的安全電影製作設施之一。

皇家開放
在機場改建成電影工作室近二十年後，以及新裝修工作室完成工作一年以後，該網站於2013年4月26日由劍橋公爵和公爵夫人正式開放。在他們的訪問中，他們在公爵的兄弟哈里王子和JK羅琳的陪同下（之前一直未能參加這次巡演的盛大開幕）。受訪慈善機構的數百名受益人在訪問當天獲邀參加工作室巡迴演出。皇家隨行人員參觀了巡演和工作室，觀看了克里斯托弗·諾蘭的蝙蝠俠電影中的道具和服裝，然後進行了該場地的就職典禮。
4K – The Hogwarts Castle Filming Miniature

From:20,000 Things
Superb Model Hogwarts Castle Filming Miniature in the Snow

From:Craig Lee

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